C. all scores are around the average score. This is an example of: People who believe that aliens have come to earth may disregard evidence that crop circles are human-made. In the context of human development, _____ refers to the individual's environmental and social experiences. 90. B. scope. A. speed and efficiency If a child's mental age is higher than her chronological age, this means that 70 or below Watch this video about superior autobiographical memory from the television news show 60 Minutes to learn more. Watch this video about the neuroscience of memory to learn more. c. language could help a child learn to control social behavior. b. A person with an IQ over 145 may be best categorized as: Wechsler's four index scales are verbal comprehension, perceptual reasoning, working memory, and: Gardner believes that reason, logic, and knowledge are: c. Superordinate concepts is the memory process that occurs when information that was retained in memory comes out of storage. Mathematical formulas, like the equation for area (length width) are artificial concepts defined by specific sets of characteristics that are always the same. d. the better that person is at breaking a problem down into component parts for problem solving. Identify the Reasons People Automate a Process, Exploring a Problem and Communicating a Solut, Information Technology Project Management: Providing Measurable Organizational Value, Charles E. Leiserson, Clifford Stein, Ronald L. Rivest, Thomas H. Cormen, Service Management: Operations, Strategy, and Information Technology. Jacob received his score on his math paper and realized that he performed poorly. The cognitive universalism theory states that: According to Erikson's theory of socioemotional development, the first 18 months of life are devoted to mastering which developmental task? ________ form as the result of people's experiences with concepts in the real world. What Is Industrial and Organizational Psychology? Which of the following are examples of algorithms? b. Problem solving/concepts An algorithm is a step-by-step method to solve a problem. Choose all that apply. It prepares the individual for fighting or running away. A. the child's IQ is average. It involves bottom-up processing. (a) Generate a correlation matrix for your predictors. b. studies showing that animals make instinctual sounds only. What did you eat for lunch on April 10, 2009? B. While often thought of purely as a mathematical term, the same type of process can be followed in psychology to find the correct answer when solving a problem or making a decision. C. inductive reasoning. Typically, the event schema that occurs when you hear your phone ringing involves locating the phone and answering it or responding to your latest text message. Algorithms break complex tasks into steps that can be followed. Another technique used by your brain to organize information is the identification of prototypes for the concepts you have developed. Intellectual disability (formerly called mental retardation) is a condition of limited mental ability in which an individual has an IQ of ________ and has difficulty adapting to everyday life. b. consciousness and intuition. determine the nearest neighbors of each of the data. An algorithm is a step-by-step method to solve a problem When an algorithm is part of a computer program, the process included in the algorithm is automated When an algorithm is used in a computer program, it allows the computer to perform a repetitive task A. 30 seconds. Predict whether the dissociation of the dimer to the monomer is exothermic or endothermic, based on the fact that at higher temperatures the yellow color of the solution intensifies. A semantic network consists of concepts, and as you may recall from what youve learned about memory, concepts are categories or groupings of linguistic information, images, ideas, or memories, such as life experiences. a. Psychoanalysts d. Down syndrome. For example, before learning the concept of area of a square (and the formula to find it), you must understand what a square is. A(n) _____ is an aroused state that occurs because of a physiological need. b. reliability. D. speed of processing. how long ago the event takes place. c. actual tasks involving cognition. (credit: Gideon/Flickr). which of the following is true about algorithms quizlet psychology what was life like during the communist russia On the other hand, if time is an issue, then it may be best to use a heuristic. 30 seconds. Concepts provide clues about how to react to a particular object or experience. c. a picture-like image. C. telepathy. This is known as effortful processing (Figure 8.3). A triangle always has three angles and three sides. involves developing uniform procedures for administering and scoring a test, as well as That song's effect could be an implicit emotional memory (Yang, Xu, Du, Shi, & Fang, 2011). Psychologists who study problem-solving have described two main processes that people utilize to reach conclusions: algorithms and heuristics. d. You must create an algorithmfor a problem before you can create a program to solve the problem. A. confirmation bias. Social Sciences. b. not important in measuring intelligence. Jessica has been searching for a new apartment. (12,562).b.(12,562). B. For most people, the capacity will probably be close to 7 plus or minus 2. You use concepts to see the relationships among the different elements of your experiences and to keep the information in your mind organized and accessible. Why is this? A. C. divergent thinking. b. confirmation bias. The use of artificial concepts to define an idea is crucial to communicating with others and engaging in complex thought. We organize the information with other similar information and connect new concepts to existing concepts. a. communicate which of the following is true about algorithms quizlet psychology. choose the best data from the set. Material is far better encoded when you make it meaningful. b. rule of thumb. _____ involves the ability to think about something in novel and unusual ways and to devise unconventional solutions to problems. Descriptions: Algorithms can be written to solve every problem. In this case, Monique has You may not be able to recall all of your classmates, but you recognize many of them based on their yearbook photos. Our mission is to improve educational access and learning for everyone. c. all languages have the same pragmatics. _____ involves reasoning from a general case that we know to be true to a specific instance. By using an algorithm, accuracy is increased and potential mistakes are minimized. So without thinking, you reach for your phone, which could be in your pocket, in your bag, or on the passenger seat of the car. This is an example of: Making a list of all the ways one could use a butter knife requires: Brainstorming, keeping a journal, and subject mapping are all _________________________. b. four "think outside the box" in order to succeed in college. A. Once the information has been encoded, we have to somehow retain it. They will always result in a correct solution, if there is a correct solution to be found. Claudia is trying to cook her mother's famous lasagna. B. Algorithms are faster than heuristics. You can see that the sentences are now much more memorable because each of the sentences was placed in context. 110. B. Deductive reasoning D. subgoal. There are many different examples of how algorithms can be used in daily life. This test can be considered: In this case, Dan's experience demonstrates Cognitive psychology is the field of psychology dedicated to examining how people think. C. 75. ________ is a learning disability characterized by difficulty with learning to read fluently and with accurate comprehension, despite normal intelligence. In order for people to be able to tell you how many televisions they have in their house, they would probably use: Which of the following is a true statement regarding algorithms? b. insight She succeeded in high school by cramming for exams and relying on parental pressure to get homework done. The working memory files hold a limited amount of information. most scores are around the average score. They take a step-by-step approach to performing a task. _________ includes the ability to be self-motivated, to feel what others feel, and to be socially skilled. The highest and most elusive of Maslow's needs is. Students from various groups within the U.S., as well as students from other countries, may have problems with this question because it is probably. Now, try writing them again, using the following prompts: bagpipe, ship christening, and parachutist. Formal concepts a. availability heuristic Evaluate solutions B. Psychotherapy (Chic). Active rehearsal is a way of attending to information to move it from short-term to long-term memory. C. timing bias. a. communicate with one another; dream more vividly which of the following is true about algorithms quizlet psychology 2022-06-21T19:02:13+00:00 lakers celebrity seating chart 2019 bottle caps candy root beer only Our mission is to improve educational access and learning for everyone. The sentence "The bicycle talked the boy into buying a candy bar" is. a. a surreal and hazy picture. b. actual tasks involving visual perception. d. means-end analysis. a. This powerful event schema is informed by your pattern of behavior and the pleasurable stimulation that a phone call or text message gives your brain. c. trial and error method The brain is endlessly perceiving, processing, planning, organizing, and rememberingit is always active. D. They may use established criteria to make judgments. which of the following is true about algorithms quizlet psychologyduskull evolution arceus B. provide clear definitions. Once we receive sensory information from the environment, our brains label or code it. Find the percentage. A. D. Egocentrism. Basketball, football, baseball, and soccer all fit into the ________ of sports. A. Abductive reasoning You absorb a large quantity of information by listening to and participating in discussions, examining maps, and reading first-hand accounts of peoples lives. semantic. d. the fact that none of the animals have achieved language development comparable to a 3-year-old human. 110-120. d. IQ tests have socioeconomic biases. An algorithm is often expressed in the form of a graph, where a square represents each step. answer choices Confabulation Source amnesia Flashbulb memories Confusion Question 3 30 seconds Q. In order to prepare herself, she enrolls in a Spanish course at the local community center. c. algorithmic. This is known as automatic processing, or the encoding of details like time, space, frequency, and the meaning of words. People often form general rules and concepts based on specific experiences and examples. According to the Atkinson-Shiffrin model of memory, information passes through three distinct stages in order for it to be stored in long-term memory. Basketball, football, baseball, and soccer all fit into the _____ of sports. In which subsystem of long-term memory is your knowledge of how to drive a car and how to ride a bike stored? It is generally accepted that memories are organized in semantic (or associative) networks (Collins & Loftus, 1975). It involves forming opinions based on prior experiences. An event schema, also known as a cognitive script, is a set of behaviors that can feel like a routine. d. 15. In waking up and getting ready for class in the morning, one might follow a(n): An algorithm is a software used to compute numbers. b. When thoughts are formed, the mind synthesizes information from emotions and memories (Figure 7.2). If a test does not measure what it's supposed to measure, then it lacks: B. problem solving. answer choices. It is sometimes referred to as the "I-knew-it-all-along effect." d. confirmation bias. She carefully follows her mother's recipe to ensure that the dish turns out correctly. Most likely none of us could even come close to answering these questions; however, American actress Marilu Henner, best known for the television show Taxi, can remember. b. phoneme Because you can recall images (mental pictures) more easily than words alone. a. adults. D. Algorithms lead to different answers to a given problem. Our ability to retrieve information from long-term memory is vital to our everyday functioning. a. B. practical In either case, you usually cannot put the memory into words that adequately describe the task. a. morphemes. a. intelligence is largely inherited. Textbook content produced by OpenStax is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License . Which of the following statements is true of the adolescent brain? Language allows people to ______ and _______. Want to cite, share, or modify this book? Dec 19, 2022 OpenStax. words merely reflect rather than cause the way we think. 2023 Dotdash Media, Inc. All rights reserved. 10 Some common ones include: The upside of using an algorithm to solve a problem or make a decision is that yields the best possible answer every time. The different files stored in the file cabinet are called concepts. Determine the value of the conduction parameter required so that VO=0.70VV_O=0.70 \mathrm{~V}VO=0.70V when VI=0.75VV_I=0.75 \mathrm{~V}VI=0.75V. MiniLab 1 If you carefully place a steel razor blade flat on the surface of water, the razor blade can be made to float. D. hindsight bias. a. smoothie involves being receptive to other ways of looking at things. A. inductive reasoning. 3.Question 1 2 pts Which of the following is not true about algorithms. Dan, who often travels in airplanes, experiences sudden fear of flying after he hears the news about an airplane crash. If, however, youve lived your whole life on the island of Saint Vincent in the Caribbean, you may never have actually seen snow, much less tasted, smelled, or touched it. You were probably not that good at riding a bicycle or driving a car the first time you tried, but you were much better after doing those things for a year. which of the following is true about algorithms quizlet psychology. However, this would be very time-consuming and treatment needs to be implemented quickly. C. move back home with her parents and commute to college. This type of reasoning is known as. d. actual tasks involving memory. Once the concept of area of a square is understood, an understanding of area for other geometric shapes can be built upon the original understanding of area. Some years ago, psychologists Fergus Craik and Endel Tulving (1975) conducted a series of experiments to find out. C. merely frame the problem in a vague way. Algorithms are strategies usually based on employing past experience to solve problems. C. dogmatic thinking D. drop out of college. c. use sign language Creative intelligence is related to: This book uses the c. confirmation bias. According to the biases and heuristics in decision making, it can be concluded that Hillary mirrors ________ in this scenario. They are also known as mechanical solutions. A(n) _____ is a physical or biological deprivation that energizes the drive to eliminate or reduce the deprivation. Other concepts, like the characteristics of your ideal friend or your familys birthday traditions, are personal and individualized. Could semantic encoding be beneficial to you as you attempt to memorize the concepts in this chapter? While you could use an algorithm to map out every possible route and determine which one would be the fastest, that would be a very time-consuming process. Thank you, {{form.email}}, for signing up. b. language; social relationships d. trial and error. When an individual studies specifically to avoid his or her parent's disapproval, then the individual's attitude toward studying is most likely a result of, When individuals engage in a behavior because they enjoy it, they. Which of the following is true of short-term memory? the stage of memory in which it is stored. A. c. the fact that scientists have proven animals capable of sign language only. Research suggests that ________ affect the person's prototype for that category. Not all long-term memories are strong memories, and some memories can only be recalled using prompts. Long term memory has a storage capacity that is virtually unlimited. A(n) _____ is a strategy that guarantees a solution to a problem. An algorithm is a defined set of step-by-step procedures that provides the correct answer to a particular problem. They love going outside to their garden, fertilizing their plants, and watering their flowers, you probably would have come up with the word "petal" instead of plate.
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