omicron hospitalization rate vaccinated by age omicron hospitalization rate vaccinated by age

The increase in transmissibility of the Omicron variant might have amplified these risks for hospitalization, resulting in increased hospitalization rates among Black adults compared with White adults, irrespective of vaccination status. Top editors give you the stories you want delivered right to your inbox each weekday. Although both approaches adjusted for the same confounding factors, the effectiveness estimates from the TND were higher than those from the cohort design, which is consistent with our previous analyses of influenza vaccine effectiveness in which we also observed that the TND tended to result in higher vaccine effectiveness estimates than did our cohort analyses30. Hospitalizations rates increased among all adults irrespective of vaccination status (unvaccinated, primary series only, or primary series plus a booster or additional dose). The study was conducted among a cohort of infants born between December 15, 2020, and May 31, 2022. COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy: coverage and safety. All adjustment variables were selected a priori based on prior work36. Coinciding with Omicron variant predominance, COVID-19associated hospitalization rates among adults increased in late December 2021 and peaked in January 2022; rates increased more among Black adults relative to rates among adults of other racial and ethnic groups. This correction ensures that there is always a reasonable denominator for the unvaccinated population that would prevent hospitalization rates from growing unrealistically large because of potential overestimates of vaccination coverage. NMF, SB, SFunk, ACG, DDA, and AMP acquired funding. Maternal SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and infant protection against SARS-CoV-2 during the first six months of life. It is possible that this practice may have led to some misclassification of the outcome, and we were unable to assess whether this misclassification was differential between vaccinated and unvaccinated mothers. PubMed Wkly. Vaccine 40, 656665 (2022). In conclusion, in this population-based cohort study, we found that infants born to mothers who received at least two doses of an mRNA COVID-19 vaccine during pregnancy were at lower risk of testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 and were at lower risk of hospitalization during the first 6 months of life compared with infants whose mothers were unvaccinated during pregnancy. Delahoy MJ, Whitaker M, OHalloran A, et al. Models were adjusted for the covariates listed above. While this proportion might not be representative of the proportion of vaccinated pregnant women within KPNC because of our exclusion criteria, more efforts are needed to promote COVID-19 vaccines for pregnant persons because vaccination provides protection to mothers and their infants until they are old enough to receive their own COVID-19 vaccines. Google Scholar. In the US, as of the end of September 2022, almost 15 million children ages <18 years have tested positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus that causes Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Christopher A. Taylor, PhD1; Michael Whitaker, MPH1; Onika Anglin, MPH1,2; Jennifer Milucky, MSPH1; Kadam Patel, MPH1,2; Huong Pham, MPH1; Shua J. Chai, MD3,4; Nisha B. Alden, MPH5; Kimberly Yousey-Hindes, MPH6; Evan J. Anderson, MD7,8,9; Kenzie Teno, MPH10; Libby Reeg, MPH11; Kathryn Como-Sabetti, MPH12; Molly Bleecker, MA13; Grant Barney, MPH14; Nancy M. Bennett, MD15; Laurie M. Billing, MPH16; Melissa Sutton, MD17; H. Keipp Talbot, MD18; Keegan McCaffrey19; Fiona P. Havers, MD1; COVID-NET Surveillance Team (View author affiliations). You can review and change the way we collect information below. Abbreviation: COVID-NET = COVID-19Associated Hospitalization Surveillance Network. American Academy of Pediatrics. Hobbs, C. V. et al. Partially vaccinated adults, and those who received a single dose of a 1-dose product <14 days before the positive SARS-CoV-2 test result were not included in analyses by vaccination status but were included in rates and overall proportions that were not stratified by vaccination status. We ran separate models on the time periods associated with the Delta (7/01/2021 to 12/20/2021) and Omicron variants (12/21/2021 to 5/31/2022). These results suggest that in addition to providing protection against testing positive, vaccination during pregnancy also provides protection against hospitalization (severe disease) in infants during their first 6 months of life as previously reported recently18,19. Effectiveness of COVID-19 Pfizer-BioNTech BNT162b2 mRNA vaccination in preventing COVID-19-associated emergency department and urgent care encounters and hospitalizations among nonimmunocompromised children and adolescents aged 5-17 yearsVISION Network, 10 states, April 2021-January 2022. CDC twenty four seven. Google Scholar. provided as a service to MMWR readers and do not constitute or imply Spontaneous abortion following COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy. 20, 15225 (2016). Additional limitations include the inability to estimate the effectiveness of vaccines received prior to pregnancy onset. Dagan, N. et al. . O.Z., N.P.K., and B.F. conceived and designed the study. 385, 13551371 (2021). Durability of anti-spike antibodies in infants after maternal COVID-19 vaccination or natural infection. Omicron is super infectious, and about 20% of people in the United States over the age of 5 as well as all children under 5 remain unvaccinated. Severe cases may increase in the wake of holiday parties where people of all ages mixed. CAS Infect. Johnson AG, Amin AB, Ali AR, et al. PubMed Central We take your privacy seriously. KPNC members are similar to the broad catchment population in Northern California in terms of sociodemographic characteristics34. Pre-Omicron versions of Covid, in. If material is not included in the articles Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. Wkly. Surveillance officers abstracted data on sampled patients from medical charts. Mortal. E.L. coordinated administrative tasks. Department of Health and Human Services. The rate among adults who received a primary series, but no booster or additional dose, was three times the rate among adults who received a booster or additional dose. J. Epidemiol. This analysis describes weekly hospitalization rates during Delta- and Omicron-predominant periods. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7112e2. Among fully vaccinated people without a booster, rates were lower at 3,355.5 per 100,000 for COVID-19 cases and 35.4 per 100,000 for hospitalizations. Among the infants in the cohort, 19,418 (64.06%) of the mothers were unvaccinated during pregnancy, 1138 (3.75%) of the mothers received one dose of an mRNA COVID-19 vaccine and 9755 (32.18%) received 2 doses during pregnancy (Table1). B, Severe outcomes included hospitalization and death. Introduction: A rapid increase in COVID-19 cases due to the spread of the Delta and Omicron variants in vaccinated populations has raised concerns about the hospitalization risk associated with, and the effectiveness of, COVID-19 vaccines. However, we have no reason to expect a strong association between the absence of NHS number and SARS-CoV-2 variant. This work was supported by grants from the UK Research and Innovation (UKRI) Medical Research Council (NMF, WH, SB, EV, ACG [Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis; MR/R015600/1], DDA, AMP [MC/UU/00002/11], and SRS [MC/UU/00002/10]); Medical Research Council UKRIDepartment of Health and Social Care National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) COVID-19 rapid response call (NMF, SB [MR/V038109/1], TN, AC, DDA, and AMP [MC/PC/19074]); the NIHR Health Protection Units in: Modelling and Health Economics (NMF, WH, SB, EV, AC, and ACG [NIHR200908]), Behavioural Science and Evaluation (AC and DDA), and Respiratory Infections (JLB); Wellcome Trust (SFunk and SA [210758/Z/18/Z]); philanthropic funding from Community Jameel (NMF, WH, SB, and EV); and the UKRI Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (SFlax [EP/V002910/2]). Implementing strategies that result in the equitable receipt of COVID-19 vaccinations among persons with disproportionately higher hospitalizations rates, including non-Hispanic Black adults, is an urgent public health priority. Relative to the Delta-predominant period, the proportion of cases in non-Hispanic Asian or Pacific Islanders also increased, whereas the proportion in all other racial and ethnic groups decreased. Wkly. Maternal vaccination and risk of hospitalization for Covid-19 among infants. VE against hospitalization was not estimated because of the very small number of hospitalized cases. Additional COVID-NET methods for determining vaccination status have been described previously. In-hospital death status was missing in 1.4% (weighted) of hospitalizations; these hospitalizations are otherwise included elsewhere in the analysis. 4% of cases) without NHS numbers were excluded from our primary analysis. Estimation of COVID-19 mRNA vaccine effectiveness against medically attended COVID-19 in pregnancy during periods of delta and Omicron variant predominance in the United States. Mortal. The research was published yesterday in JAMA Internal Medicine. It is critical that nursing home residents stay up to date with CO VID-19 vaccines and receive a bivalent booster dose to maximize protection against COVID-19. You will be subject to the destination website's privacy policy when you follow the link. Data among adults over 50 showed that a booster shot gave even stronger protection. Chi-square tests were used to compare differences between the Delta- and Omicron-predominant periods; p-values <0.05 were considered statistically significant. These cookies perform functions like remembering presentation options or choices and, in some cases, delivery of web content that based on self-identified area of interests. The researchers used the QCovid risk model to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for clinical risk factors. Another explanation is the presence of a high COVID-19 vaccination rate among studied individuals (more than two-thirds), which is supported by the finding that the majority of patients had been infected with SARS-CoV-2 prior to undergoing vaccination. Risk of hospital admission for patients with SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.1.7: cohort analysis. Danino, D. et al. From Jan 1 to Mar 16, 2022, when Omicron was predominant, 4,781 (0.02%) of 19,473,570 booster recipients died of COVID-19, and 58,020 (0.3%) died of other causes. Starting the week ending December 4, 2021, Maryland data are not included in calculations but are included in previous weeks. If you find something abusive or that does not comply with our terms or guidelines please flag it as inappropriate. https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.08.27.21262356v1 New charts from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), more severe disease and more hospitalizations, Insider's Catherine Schuster Bruce reported. Article Ousseny Zerbo. Just 28% of children in the age group - around 8 million . The images or other third party material in this article are included in the articles Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. Safety and efficacy of the BNT162b2 mRNA covid-19 vaccine. Taken together, these findings suggest that the increased risk for hospitalization among Black adults during the Omicron-predominant period might also be due, in part, to lower proportions of Black adults receiving both the primary vaccination series and booster doses. Selected counties in California, Colorado, Connecticut, Georgia, Iowa, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, New Mexico, New York, Ohio, Oregon, Tennessee, and Utah (https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/69/wr/mm6915e3.htm). For mothers of infants in the cohort, we extracted from the electronic health record data: age at pregnancy onset, self-reported race/ethnicity (Asian, Black, Hispanic, Pacific Islander, Multiracial, Native American, Other, White), the primary KPNC facility at which the woman received most of their health care, insurance payor (dichotomized as Medicare/Medicaid/other subsidized insurance and Other), neighborhood deprivation index [NDI]35 categorized into quartiles with higher values representing greater deprivation), pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI=kg/m2; underweight <18.5, normal 18.524.9, overweight 25.029.9, obese 30.0), pre-pregnancy diabetes status, pre-pregnancy hypertension, and parity (0, 1, 2, 3, 4). This preceded and had no relation to COVID-19, and GD had no role in and received no funding from the project. The average death rate among Americans over age 65 who contract the flu has ranged between 1 in 75 and 1 in 160 in recent years, according to the C.D.C. Weekly rates among unvaccinated adults and adults who received a primary COVID-19 vaccination series with a booster or additional dose peaked at 149.8 (January 8, 2022) and 11.7 (January 22, 2022), respectively. Racial and ethnic disparities in rates of COVID-19associated hospitalization, intensive care unit admission, and in-hospital death in the United States from March 2020 to February 2021. Covid-19 vaccine effectiveness against the Omicron (B.1.1.529) variant. Rep. 7, 255263 (2022). The risk of hospitalisation appeared to increase when comparing delta with alpha infections. The efficacy of COVID 19 vaccines for reducing the risk of severe COVID-19 infection is demonstrated in real life. N. Engl. The rates don't account for non-vaccine-related risks, Mark Jit, professor of vaccine epidemiology at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine told Insider in an email. On March 18, 2022, this report was posted online as an MMWR Early Release. Safety and efficacy of single-dose Ad26.COV2.S vaccine against Covid-19. Get the most important science stories of the day, free in your inbox. Methods: One hundred and . Iowa does not provide data on vaccination status. "The subpopulations with the highest risk should be considered a priority for COVID-19 therapeutics and further booster doses.". Classification of omicron (B.1.1.529): SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern. Blakeway, H. et al. Marks, K. J. et al. Users are referred to the electronic PDF version (https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr) Effectiveness of BNT162b2 vaccination during pregnancy in preventing hospitalization for SARS-CoV-2 in infants. Models in this analysis were adjusted for the same covariates included in the primary analysis. Nursing home residents have been disproportionately affected by COVID-19; older age, comorbidities, and the congregate nature of nursing homes place residents at higher risk for infection and severe COVID-19-associated outcomes . CIDRAP - Center for Infectious Disease Research & Policy 41, e81e86 (2022). First, COVID-19associated hospitalizations might have been missed because of hospital testing practices and test availability. Rep. 71, 2630 (2022). A WHO spokesman says China informed the WHO about the case, which involves a 53-year-old woman, on Feb 24. During the study period, the omicron variant experienced a rapidly increasing incidence, whereas the delta variant was experiencing a decreasing or less rapidly increasing incidence. This is a relevant consideration because vaccines can be less effective in persons with a weakened immune system. No other potential conflicts of interest were disclosed. A free-text field for other types of residences was examined; patients with an LTCF-type residence were also categorized as LTCF residents. Our primary cohort analysis used calendar days as the underlying scale to ensure that we compared infants of vaccinated and unvaccinated mothers on the same calendar days because vaccination status during pregnancy and risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection varied over the study period. After adjusting for covariates, vaccination during pregnancy significantly reduced the risk of the infant testing SARS-CoV-2 positive by 84% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 66, 93) during the first 2 months of life, 62% (95% CI: 39, 77) during the first 4 months of life and 56% (95% CI: 34,71) during the first 6 months of life. There were only one hospitalized case among the children of vaccinated mothers and nine hospitalized cases among the children of unvaccinated mothers (Table1). N. Engl. Vaccinated patients were older (68 vs. 57 years), and 62% had at least one comorbidity Admission to the ICU was 20%, and the mortality rate at 30 days was 14%. Other studies found similarly decreased proportions of severe outcomes among hospitalized patients with COVID-19 during this period (6).. TN, NMF, WH, and SA wrote the software. Percentages presented for the overall number are weighted row percentages. But the charts are in line with data from the UK Health Safety Agency, which found that protection from a third dose of Pfizer or Moderna vaccine against hospitalization with Omicron was about 89%, waning slightly to 83% at 10 weeks, Insider's Catherine Schuster Bruce reported. Hospitalization rates among non-Hispanic Black adults increased more than rates in other racial/ethnic groups. and JavaScript. URL addresses listed in MMWR were current as of We monitored the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (anti-N) and spike protein (anti-S) antibodies in blood donors across Canada from September 2021 to June 2022 in 202,123 . Suggested citation for this article: Taylor CA, Whitaker M, Anglin O, et al. Association of COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy with incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in infants. However, infants aged <6 months are not currently eligible for any currently available COVID-19 vaccines and must rely on placentally acquired immunity from their mothers. We used two different study designs: a primary design using a cohort analysis in which infants of vaccinated pregnant persons were compared with infants of unvaccinated pregnant persons. Omicron data in UK is 'enormously worrying,' immunologist says "In the last two weeks, no fewer than 80% of admissions were below the age of 50 years. Nat Commun 14, 894 (2023). The exposure of interest was mRNA COVID-19 vaccination status during pregnancy in the electronic health record. Gynecol. Article By comparison, from two to 25 weeks after the second dose, protection against Omicron hospitalization was 64%, the UKHSA said. For children whose mothers received one dose before pregnancy and two doses during pregnancy, VE against infection was 89% during the first 2 months of life, 73% during the first 4 months of life, and 48% up to 6 months of life. Method: This case-control study aims to determine the hospitalization risk associated with the inactivated BBIBP-CorV (Sinopharm) and mRNA BNT162b2 (Pfizer . Hospitalization rates during peak Omicron circulation (January 2022) among unvaccinated adults remained 12 times the rates among vaccinated adults who received booster or additional doses and four times the rates among adults who received a primary series, but no booster or additional dose. Efficacy and safety of the mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. and statistical significance was assessed at two-sided p0.05. Wkly. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2020;69:134754. Implementing strategies that result in the equitable receipt of COVID-19 vaccinations, through building vaccine confidence, raising awareness of the benefits of vaccination, and removing barriers to vaccination access among persons with disproportionately higher hospitalizations rates from COVID-19, including Black adults, is an urgent public health priority. To obtain J. Obstet. The Spanish Health Ministry also publishes hospitalization data throughout Spain broken down by vaccination status, although in this case it is based on estimates: to calculate the number of unvaccinated in each age group, they subtract the number of vaccinated from the population in 2020.However, the target population will have grown since then, so it is possible that the ministry's . . Vaccination status is based on state immunization information system data. Informed consent was waived because this was a data-only study with no direct contact with participants. Statistical codes are not publicly available but are available from the corresponding author. 182, 825831 (2022). Laurie M. Billing and Kenzie Teno report grants from the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists during the conduct of the study. COVID-NET conducts population-based surveillance for laboratory-confirmed COVID-19associated hospitalizations in 99 counties across 14 states. COVID-19associated hospitalizations are those occurring among residents of a predefined surveillance catchment area who have a positive real-time reverse transcriptionpolymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) or rapid antigen detection test result for SARS-CoV-2 during hospitalization or the 14 days preceding admission. 189, 13791388 (2020). However, a milder virus could still put pressure . Infections are rare and can be severe or fatal, but so far scientists don't see genetic changes that pose an increased threat to people. Finally, we conducted additional supplemental analyses to estimate VE among children whose mothers received at least one vaccine dose prior to pregnancy onset and at least one dose during pregnancy. Adults whose vaccination status had not yet been verified using the immunization information system data were considered to have unknown vaccination status and were included in total proportions but not stratified by vaccination status. Open 5, e2232760 (2022). We conducted a descriptive analysis of the study population and calculated crude rates of SARS-CoV-2 infection and hospitalization by maternal vaccination status. Vaccination status (unvaccinated, receipt of a primary series only, or receipt of a primary series plus a booster or additional dose) was determined for individual hospitalized patients and for the catchment population using state immunization information systems data (2). 383, 26032615 (2020). JAMA 327, 10871089 (2022). All adults should stay up to date (1) with COVID-19 vaccination to reduce their risk for COVID-19associated hospitalization. Selected counties in California, Colorado, Connecticut, Georgia, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, New Mexico, New York, Ohio, Oregon, Tennessee, and Utah (https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/69/wr/mm6915e3.htm). JAMA Intern. Risk was especially high for people with severe combined immunodeficiency (HR, 6.2). The average age of participants was 60.8 years, and 92.0% were White. The mean age at pregnancy onset was 31.62 years (standard deviation of 4.66 years). Includes current treatment or recent diagnosis within the previous 12 months of an immunosuppressive condition or use of an immunosuppressive therapy. TN, NMF, SFlax, MC, DDA, AMP, and ST conceptualised the work. * Adults who completed a primary vaccination series were defined as those who had received the second dose of a 2-dose primary vaccination series or a single dose of a 1-dose product 14 days before a positive SARS-CoV-2 test associated with their hospitalization but received no booster dose. Risk factors for severe COVID-19 in children. The views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the NIHR or the Department of Health and Social Care.